The Beethoven Syndrome: Hearing Music as AutobiographyThe Beethoven Syndrome is the inclination of listeners to hear music as the projection of a composer's inner self. This was a radically new way of listening that emerged only after Beethoven's death. Beethoven's music was a catalyst for this change, but only in retrospect, for it was not until after his death that listeners began to hear composers in general and not just Beethoven in their works, particularly in their instrumental music. The Beethoven